Far From the Madding Crowd

Thomas Hardy
‘Far From the Madding Crowd’ by Thomas Hardy, grew up surrounded by the rural aspect of life. His tremendous love for the countryside is presented in the novel. The novel is revolves around a powerful and emotional woman named Bathsheba. Three men love the same woman. At first she marriage with third and then second killed him then she marry with first.
The novel open with the meeting of Bathsheba and Gabriel Oak, are the protagonist. Bathsheba inherits farm from his uncle. Gabriel Oak is shepherd but unfortunately his flock is drives by sheep-dog. He roams to find work. He found a farm and comes to know that it handle by Bathsheba. The farm is situated in Weatherbury. He starts worked as an employee of Bathsheba in farm. He ever becomes a loyal friend and protector of Bathsheba’s farm.

Boldwood got a love letter from Bathsheba and he falls in illusion that she loves him.
In-between, the story takes turn on another love. Bathsheba attract towards Sergeant Troy, is a handsome boy. He often flirts of Bathsheba and so she falls in love with him. She fails to recognize unrequited love. Troy used marriage as to establish him as a farmer and to get benefit of her money.
They met a girl in a way of Casterbridge Fanny Robin, who had an affair with Troy. They kept promise to meet in church and get married. Fanny waited for a long time and then went and somehow Troy couldn’t reach at time. Both still love but Troy started another affair with Bathsheba and here Fanny gets pregnant. Bathsheba fails to recognize the relation between Fanny and Troy.
After their marriage they often quarreling each other. Meanwhile they got news about the death of Fanny Robin. Suddenly Troy feels strange. Bathsheba ordered to arrange the funeral of Fanny. During this time Bathsheba comes to know about the affair of Troy with Fanny. She comes in depression. Troy went away and news spread as Troy is drowned but fortunately saved by sailor.
Bathsheba waits for a long time as six year for her husband. Meanwhile Troy returns to Weatherbury as a part of circus group. Troy force to carry her with him. Boldwood gets angered and shoot him therefore he surrender to the police.
Now both are out of the way. She keeps notice on Oak. When she proposes her she accept and get married.
The novel revolves around the love and vanity of a woman which leads her to fall down. She fails to recognize the real love of Oak. Hardy explains the conflict between artificial and real love. How a woman fail to choose a life partner. She believes that the flirt of Troy is not flirt but it is a fact. On the other side Troy only loves for the sake of establishing himself as farmer. It seems as Black Skin, White Mask; It means blacks wants to marriage with white not for love but for the sake of white skin or wants to come out from black world.
 Troy and Fanny intentionally loving and therefore there is no fault of anyone but because of circumstances they fail to get married. When Troy met Fanny after his marriage he should help her as a friend and also he has to tell her about the truth and may suggest her to marriage with someone if we want the happy ending.
The novel is tragedy about Bathsheba, Oak, Troy, Fanny and Boldwood. Because of Bathsheba’s vanity reject the love of Gabriel. She is just checking love of Boldwood and so he falls in love with her. She drowns in flirt of Troy and starts extremely loving him. The unrequited love leads all character to their tragic end.
The beginning and the end of the novel is happy but in-between we can see tragedy. We not only find the tragedy of character or the relation between character but also the tragedy of situation which take place in their life like Oak’s flock destroyed by dog, Bathsheba’s farm suffured from storm, fire etc.
Hardy also gave the description of city and rural life. He grew up in rural area so he covered at least one half of the novel in rural background. The people belong to rural area are truly love. They have care for the person rather than property. They want to live in their life style and they have real knowledge of agriculture.
Looking smart or handsome always leading towards the destroyed of himself or the feelings of other. Troy truly loves to Fanny then what is the need of entering in Bathsheba’s life. He has not only ruined the life of Bathsheba and Fanny but also himself.
Acting smart and fact is making the life beautiful. Gabriel Oak is rejected by Bathsheba and yet he always protecting or helping Bathsheba. He never thinks to impress Bathsheba. Even he agrees to make relationship of Bathsheba and Boldwood. He ever suggesting what is right and what is wrong to Bathsheba. He is always in favor of fact and so at the end he is accept by Bathsheba as a husband or life partner.

Ghashiram Kotwal

Ghashiram Kotwal

                    -Vijay Tendulkar

Vijay Tendulkar was a leading playwright, movie and TV. writer, literary essayist, political journalist and social commentator primarily I Marathi. He best known for his play

“Shantanu !  Court Chalu ahe”

“Ghashiram Kotwal”

“Sakharam Binder”

Many of Tendulkar’s plays derived inspirational from real life incidents.

He began his career from newspaper. He had written several plays but didn’t get response from audience therefore he took vow to not write but again breaking his vow in 1956 he wrote “Shrimant” which establish him as a good writer.

This play is satire on city or powerful people who are cheating with poor people for their own benefit. The lower classes are kind and honest but they change their attitude after the interaction with upper class (authority). The story is raise and fall of Kanaujian Brahmin. Ghashiram is a protagonist but yet he becomes antagonist in a way.

Ghashiram is a Kanaujian Brahmin. He comes to city with a dream of golden future. He caught as a thief on the first day in the city. He was arguing that he is not thief but police are not listening and then he took a vow

“I’ll make pig, pigs of all of you.

I will make this Poona a kingdom of pigs.

Then I’ll be Ghashiram again the son of Savaldas one more”.

He is a Brahmin come with a hope to Poona.  He is an honest and full of all good qualities but the police made mistake and s he decide to be a cruel.

“The thief is a simple thief,

The police are official thief”.

The official people don’t know the rules and regulation of their status. They are not dutiful towards their job but they are doing for the sake of power or money.

Nana asked Gaudi from Ghashiram. First he decline but later on agree with one condition that

“To shut people’s mouth makes me the Kotwal of Poona”

He surrender his daughter to Nana and he made such a trick rules for people like nothing do wrong without permit, nobody moves on road after 11pm, if any go against rule then he will give dangerous punishment.

For example: A man was not thief but Ghashiram pll out his nail and wash by lemon juice soap and a steel heated boll given in his hand.

While the authority of Ghashiram crime and prostitution are decrease where as prisoner and revenue are increase.

Gauri Oder Nana does Ghashiram rules”

He is totally in insanity of taking revenge. He fail to understand the true face of Nana. He becomes a toy of Nana’s hand and Poona’s people are not trust on him because e is an outsider. Everyone is anger on him. He has misused the power.

Nana Phadnavis is a lustful man. There are prostitution areas in his authority. He has power so no one can shake him. He is destroyed the life of poor girls. Once he offers any girl then any how he works to get her like Gauri.

How beautiful formed

What a lovely figured!

Did you see!

Whenever he look at new girl then ever some deeds grow up in his heart. He misused his power.

Early there was all permission for powerful people. Nana had six marriages and the seventh marriage displayed in the play.

“Peshawar’s chief minister is still young and his mustache not turn grey his teeth are not gone, look is not enough”

Here we find irony that Nana is old but still he is marriage. There doesn’t make age difference for Nana to marriage. Even he is not considering the life of bride. He is happy with his life and other side people are victim of his joy.

Later on, Ghashiram asked about his daughter but he doesn’t respond properly. He is in search of his daughter and found that she is no more. He starts regretting and feels guilty for his condition. He confused everything but what is the need of it because everything is done.

Again he goes to take revenge with Nana but Nana has power to make people relax. At first Nana afraid of Ghashiram but then he though the lesson of Bhagvat Geeta.

“This hand never kills even an insect”

“In this hand is only the flute of Krishna”.

He pretending as he is not sinner. He is pure man. He advice him that death is meaningless and body will not stay on earth only remain ass. He thinks that he is a knowledgeable and behaved as a God. He is giving the lesson of existentialism that meaningless life and meaningless death.

The people were not satisfied with the reign of Ghashiram so they raised voice against him. They gave one paper to Nana for sign and they success. They come to near the Ghashiram’s house and throw stone on Ghashiram. He is speaking as

“Hit me beat me

Beat me some more

Hit me”

He killed as an animal. To tie with an elephant leg and he die. The city, Poona becomes the symbol for his life that he had not only ruined his status and himself but also his family.

This play we can compare with “The Whit Tiger” by Arvind Adiga. Ghashiram and Balram belong to village and they transfer to city with the hope of achieving something. They are honest but after the connection with city people they changed their life. How the superior are looking at inferior or villager is a common thing in both. We get the idea of Hegel’s master – slave mentality in both.

One difference we can find in Ghashiram Kotwal that Ghashiram is victim and destroyed by people or boss where as in white tiger Balram Hawaii killed his boss, Ashok.

Madyabindu by Kajal Oza vaidya

‘Madhyabidu’ is a Gujarati novel by Kajal Oza Vaidya. It is a love story or faithless story of woman we can call whatever. There is not directly reason behind the title but it is a woman who loves two peple is a main point. The narrative technique is different from such novels. She has used flesh back and past present technique. She has given lots of description about situation place and thoughts of characters.

The story begins with the scene of Ahmadabad and then Boston, Where Aditya Bhagvat is studding. He has one friend named Mihir. They are rich and handsome. Aditya is clever and not more interested in girls. Mihir often says I am not here for study but as a bodyguard of you so he is interested in other things rather than study.

Then she has introduced the marriage of Durga with Akshay. Durga is a dutiful wife and mother. On the age of 38 she met with an accident and die. Aditya and father Akshay are passed their life in melancholy. After sometimes Akshay also die.

Aditya met a girl named Priyam and marriage. They are happy. Aditya is a businessman so he always out of his home. Priyam like to be free and love to live in forest so Aditya made a beautiful cottage for her in the forest.

One day she met to Shelrajsingh Rathod. He is a prince and researcher of wild animal specially Tiger. She falls in love with him. Now she is spending more time with him. She told him that she is wife of someone.

Whenever her husband came to home she goes there and spent time with him. She has two side and she always telling but Aditya never asked more about it.

She loves to drive and one day she met with an accident and die. Aditya comes in depression when he heard this news. He is not ready to believe. He felt strong which he never felt even after the death of his parent. He came out of this situation by Priyam’s one thought that I am always with you.

Shelraj got the news of death of Priyam after three days. He was also not ready to believe.

After few days Aditya comes to forest and start living in cottage. Shelraj came their and comes to know about Aditya so he fainted down. After that they compromise each other and depart. Adity went to Ahmadabad AND Shelraj start his life as usual.

Priyam is a faithful wife but because of his husband she kept affair with Shelraj. He is not speding much time with her. And another side Aditya has business so how can it possible to live together every time? Aditya had provided everything to Priyam and no doubt she had loved him till the end her life but she has no care for anyone and so she believes in happy life. She had broken the rules of society and also suggests that if a man can keep relation except his marriage then female also can. She indirectly informs the equality.

She proves marriage is not restriction for a male or female. The love is not possible with one person whom we have marriage but it can be with one or more person.

Generally male have two relations with female and female have to accept but in this novel situation is apposite.

‘Two states’ by Chetan Bhagat

‘Two states’ is a story of two lovers from two states, Punjab and Tamilnadu. In the beginning they are classmate and climax they fall in love and at the end they had marriage. The couple struggled a lot to convince their parents for marriage.

Krish is a protagonist of the story. He studied in Ahmadabad. Dr. Neeta is asking a story to Krish. Krish begin the story from he met to Ananya in IIM at Ahmadabad. First they just talk and then they get close. The time is arrived to depart so Annanya was worried. Krish told her if he gets a good job then he will tell about her future. Finally he gets a job in Citibank.  He is like all Indian as he wants money. He is only son of his parents.

They decide the meeting of both parents. They went to tour but Krish’s mother ever suspicious about Ananya’s family. She said that South Indian girl always trapped North Indian boy. Through her character we can see the mentality of people. She believes North Indian won’t have heart, they are black and they don’t know about manner. 

Annanya belongs to Tamilnadu. Krish applied his form to get job in Chennai. He wants to stay close with Annanya. He is an IITian. Ananya said if he becomes a tutor of her brother Manju then perhaps he won the heart of her parents. He has done same and her parents recognize about their love therefore Annanya’s father warn him to stay away from his daughter.

Krish still use to go to their house and try to help them. He made a presentation of her father. It was nice and praise by people so now he feels that he can able to win his heart. Krish tried to learn Cernitic music to impress Radha, Ananya’s mother. He brought some Cernitic music CD for her.  Once he invites her to perform. She performed well and gets fame. Now she likes Krish. In party Krish announced that they are love each other. At first Ananya’s parent shocked and then agree.

After that Krish has to convince his parent. He decides to take Ananya with him to Punjab. Kavita, Krish’s mother doesn’t like Madrasi (Ananaya). She often avoids Ananya. Ananya only like the cousin sister of Krish and now she wants to return to her home.

Again they arrange their parents meeting at Goa. Kavita, Krish’s mother often doubt on Ananya’s family and throw torn on them. Ananya and her family understand and so she dislikes her parent’s disreputation. She doesn’t like to keep relation with Krish because of his mother. She never called and Krish went to meet her at Chennai but she had not talked properly.

Krish needs support but without it he becomes hopeless. He thinks to be a saint. One side he has problem with Ananya and another side his family. He believes his father does not love him so he behaved unusual but after his break up he is paying attention towards his father.

Without telling his son his father went to Ananya’s house at Chennai to talk about his son’s marriage. He apologies for his wife in front of Ananya’s parent and he promise them that they will keep their daughter as our daughter therefore Ananya’s parent like and satisfied for marriage. Annanya called Krish and tell about the agreement of marriage.

Krish goes to Chennai with barat and finally they got married.

How the Indian young generation is suffering and the oldest is always responsible for that relation of both families is their problem then why they put family in-between two lovers. To get marriage we should keep good relation with that family also. Why old generation is interfering in younger’s life and younger wants to make happy to their parents in their decision.

Obviously the people belong to cool area are white and Ananya belong to hot still she is white. North Indian’s mind set about South India is backward and so on is it vice versa? Or one side is inferior and another side is superior.

India is incomplete without saint and respectable family. Faire skin people thought they are superior and that’s why they doubt on black people. Ananya and her family’ behave is far better than Punjabi (Krish’s family). They want money instead of respectable family.

I found the description of place, people and time is similar as in ‘The White Tiger’ by Arvind Adiga. It shows the Indian culture and tradition which is complicated. The love story is same in film ‘Ek Duje KE Liye’ but the end is different.

In reality people wants to marriage in their own cast and in ‘two states’ Kavita wants her son to marriage with Punjabi girl. Women want lots of things from girls’ side. The family problem is an obstacle of son to get marriage.

Chetan Bhagat has used an appropriate state as girl from Tamilnadu and boy from Punjab and breaks the geographical boundary. If he changed it then perhaps girls’ family is not ready to marriage with Tamil as same with Krish. Indirectly he present the inferiority and superiority of people which is not only about America and Europe towards South Asia, Africa and Australia but every where it is same.

 

Old man and The Sea

Old man and The Sea is a philosophical novel by Earnest Hemingway. The title suggests the conflict between man and Nature. Everything is symbolic in the novel. Hemingway is a war writer and though he present war of fish against Santiago. Hemingway shows the idea of clever that we have to be clever with whatever we have.

The journey of Santiago begins in the morning. He wants to achieve something but he doesn’t care whether he gets or not. He wants to prove himself different. The novel gives the idea of birth and death that we come with empty hand in the world and we have to go same. There is no need to worry about life.

“Thank God he is travelling and not going down”

It speak about fish but we can interpret it as if we find obstacle in life we should not stop our journey. We should keep a hope and we have to chase it until we don’t get. Santiago made a goal that whatever happens but he want fish before he die.

“I’ll stay with you until I am dead”

Death is ultimate reality and we can’t escape from it so we have to struggle until our death. The language of the novel is simple but in simplicity Hemingway used ambiguity.

“Anyone can be a fisherman in May”

Santiago went on September, month of storm so he said that anyone can be fisherman in calm weather but in storm it too difficult. Nature is goes on changing but we should come out from the situation than we can prove our skill. He prefers to live alone because no one can criticize him.

He has struggle a lot but still he is enjoying. He has respect and love for fish. He wants to feed fish but what can do? Because he is fisherman and therefore he is killing fish. On the journey he has not only care about himself but also for fish.

“Better weather for me than for you fish”

If weather is calm than it is better for Santiago to catch fish and if it is not well then it is better for fish that he can be safe.

He is an honest man. He doesn’t wants to kill but he born as fisherman and therefore he is killing fish.

“Perhaps it was a sin to kill the fish…..

But then everything is a sin.

Do not think about it. You were

 Born to be a fisherman as the

 Fish was born to be a fish”.

The fish was large but the mind of Santiago is more than it and therefore he becomes triumph to catch fish. He believes

“Every day is a new day and every struggle is a new struggle”

Therefore we have to goes on struggle rather than stop. Life is only for fight. If we wish to end life but we can’t end it.

“A man can be destroyed but not defeated”

A man is not born for defeat. A man has to struggle and then get success. Our life is full of problem but we have to come out of it.

Santiago ever wishes to be boy with him on voyage and he also goes on his past. It seems he has wish for youth but it will never come just like tomorrow. He ever feels that he went too far and he put his self in death and therefore he want to return after achieve something.

Hemingway has presented the idea of existentialism and continuation. We cannot clearly say, Santiago is winner or loser. He talks about civil war and world war. The novel itself becomes fish for Hemingway.

Five point someone

Five point someone

Subtitle: What not to do at IIT!

‘A perfect ten this is 270 pages of pure fun’

‘Five Point Someone’ written by Chetan Bhaget. It is a story of three engineering student of IIT. They are best friend. Whose GPA grades are five point something that speak about title. Ever I found IIT student are the fundamental of nation but throughout the novel I doesn’t clear this idea. Is it reality of IIT student or fake?

Is grade important or creativity? At the end Alok and Hari got the job in the company because their grades something higher than Rayan. Rayan is far ahead leading them in failure or success yet he was failing to get job after IIT.

Hari is narrator of this novel and he confuse in himself. He keeps together to other two friends. Rayan is creative he doesn’t like to live within the control of others. Alok is coming from middle class family. He is worried about his study and family. Ultimately he has agony of his family but still he often ready for his friend.

The story begin in IIT(Indian Institute of Technology) that these three are suppress o raging by senior and Rayan raise his voice and come out of that. They are living in separate room and studying in one class. They are romantic and drinking alcohol.

Sometimes Rayan feels that they are controlled by IIT professor and he doesn’t like this therefor he is doing whatever he likes. They are giving test and in the first test all three gets five point something. This is the significant reason of the title.

Hari has girlfriend, who is professor’s daughter. Hari loves her a lot but he wants to impress her father for his love towards his daughter.

They made a plan to get paper and impress the head.  Hari went to Neha’s home on 11^th to get the key of office in which professor has kept paper. There is such a romantic scene between Hari and Neha. Finally he got but same time professor return and he come to know about the relation between Hari and Neha. He returns with the duplicate bunch of key.

They went to professor’s office at night and finally get paper but security watched them. All professors know about them and angry on them. They are worried that what will happen? Professor Veeru was with them.

They got punishment as they suspend for one year and they have to do that semester twice. Alok comes in great depression. He jumped from second floor and all bond broken.

After two month he became ready. They get opportunity for new project. They have started hard work. They get success in project so the punishment was recovered.

On the farewell Neha’s father gave speech in which he spoke about his son Samir, who die because of his father. Samir’s wish to be something but his father forced him to get admission in IIT . He fails trice and then de decides to suicide. He has written a letter to her sister Neha to whom he loves a lot. In the letter he suggest her that don’t give letter to father but when Neah wants to hide it and gave it to Hari to keep it but same time his father came and he think that it is a kind of love letter but he comes to know about the reality behind the death of his son. Therefore he suggests everybody that all are clever and if other are studying in other field it doesn’t mean they are poor. We should do what we like and end his speech with bless to all for golden future.

At the end Alok and Hari got the job in good company but Rayan doesn’t. Rayan was a clever and creative but because of fewer grades he won’t get job. He starts working as a assistant under professor Veeru. Still Hari worried that Rayan is clever then them but what is the reason behind not getting job in company.

Waiting For Godot

1. The setting of the play is taken from the painting of Caspar Davis Friedrich. He was inspired by it. In the play ‘waiting’ and in the painting ‘longing .The country road indicates common place. There is no boundary. A tree is radium of expectation.  At first it was lifeless and then few leaves grow. It is an allegorical religion symbol.  
Night(evening)-    will night never come?  We are craving for salvation but it never comes on right time. When our goal is near to complete then someone comes and provides hope for next one. It is the end of day. It also signifies the evil things. It makes the cycle of day and night.
2. The tree is only important in setting because it symbolize numerous element like bush, weeping tree. It is used for religious.
In second act there is few leaves grow it suggest the change of nature. Everything is goes on changing. It is for desire. In nothingness but there is a meaning.
3. The beginning of both acts same; evening falls in to night and moon rises. It indicates the repetition of nature. At evening we spent some time for peace and thinking and night we spent time for worthless act. In that act we have some desire and despair for that we are living. Night indicates darkness of life but behind the darkness there is light. Ultimately they are waiting for Godot but they have such expectation that may he will come. Sometimes waiting is nothing but it is reality of life.
4. Debris used as a place of survival in this play. Where we can keep our self hide and free from other. One day everything will be destroyed. The morality is reality. It is the place of good and evil. It is a boundary. It is a useless and nothing can grow in it but we can cultivate.
5. The play begins with the dialogue “Nothing to be done” and still the end nothing happen. They are waiting for Mr. Godot. They don’t know about him and they say that they have kind of acquaintances of Mr. Godot. They are goes on repeating every action. At the end they don’t meet to Mr. Godot. They are passing their time. Nothingness and meaningless of their action itself becomes the theme of this play. 
6. The play is positive. It is on genetic crisis. Life is endless ad we goes on adding. One side it doesn’t signify and another side there is layers of meanings.  It is the effect of world war.
7. Two props hate and boots used for the mentality of people. The hate used for intellectual (mind, master) and boot for physicality (body, slave). If  you goes on searching knowledge or provides everything to body like food ,sex and live happy then there is nothing in life.
8. The obedience of lucky is extremely irritation and nauseatic. His behavior is abnormal. He is treating as pig by his master. In act first he is obedient his master and in second same but he himself wants to surrender to his master. He is happy with this life. He doesn’t want to cross the box or boundary. He is living in death in life. He is a key toy.
9. Godot is a kind of desire, desire for death or success. It is an unfulfilled wish. 
10. Yes, the subject of play is not Godot but waiting. The play starts with nothing to be done. There is many dialogue and words are goes on repeating. It signifies the repetition of life.
11. This play is better to read then view because the dialogue and language is too short and simple but it requires a lot of time to think. The words are contextual. We can’t depend on one meaning. The camera is forcing us to look at one thing but the audio visual also helps to better understanding of play. The characters are focusing on different object which indicates their mental process. We can understand through their behavior, facial expression and pause.
12. Vladimir- Estragon – killing time in question and conversation while waiting is an interesting sequence.
Estragon and Vladimir wants to go out but they don’t move because they are waiting for Godot. They are passing their time for waiting.
They thought Godot will come tomorrow but tomorrow never comes. They want to suicide but they expect that he will come. Their expectation makes them waiting.
They want to go but they can’t escape. They are repeating human life. Vladimir is searching answers and Estragon forget everything and busy to maintain his physical body. The main theme is they are passing their time. Their life doesn’t make any different.
13. During the screening of movie there I the effect of existential crisis and meaninglessness of human existence in the irrational and indifference universe. They are searching their life
The play is not free from existentialism. What they are? Why they are here? They are accepting everything. Totally there is no despair in character. They are suffering but still they are enjoying. When the second time boy comes to pass message Of Mr. Godot at that time we can see that they are not free from fear. Crist murcy on us.
14. Vladimir and Estragon talks about ‘hanging’ themselves and commit suicide, but they do not do so because the inner voice is coming out and instinct for life provokes. They become habituate with the life process. First before the act we require habit of thinking. They are acting as eluding the meaningless of life. Their body overpowering their thought.
15. Of course, political reading provides the better understanding of the play.  It is about the power of country. Beckett was a disciple of Joyce and Joyce hated England and therefore Beckett makes salve to Lucky. England had power and how it was using it represented by Pozzo. The Second World War focused on European country and specially England, France, Italy, Ireland and Russia and so he used country through characters

Saraswatichandra

Saraswatichandra

-        Goverdhanram Tripathi

Saraswatichandra is one step of the world literature. It’s a long narrative novel. We can put Saraswatichandra with LA miserable and Wilhelm master.

There are many characters in the novel and all have quality according to name. The title is the name of hero Saraswatichandra. Goverdhanram Tripathi has presented the modernity. Saraswatichandra is narrator of the novel. The novel startswith temple, Saraswatichandra comesand escape from society and end with hermitage where he gets marriage with Kusum and come back to home.

Saraswatichandra belong to upper class. He has already engaged with Kumud and both loving each other. Somehow his mother die and his father remarriage with Guman. She always suspicion on both. Due to his parent he escapes the world. Even his father tries a lotto find him but he fail.

Saraswatichandra and Kumud agree with their marriage but he avoids everything. Kumud gets another marriage with Pramadhan but she never forgets Saraswatichandra.  She suffers a lot and then decides to suicide. She drown in Subhadra river but fortunately she rescue by holy woman.

Saraswatichandra convert his identity in Navinchandra and Kumud in Madhuri. In spite they continuously loved. Goverdhanram Tripathi presents a kind of pain of woman.Kumud wants to marriage with Saraswatichandra but unfortunately he avoid everything so her parent arrange her marriage with Pramadhan, She is not happy with him but what she can do? She gets love from family but not enough from husband. Here Saraswatichandra also feeling pain of Kumud, parent and his friend.

A friend chandrakant lost his life for Saraswatichandra.  Finally he success to find Saraswatichandra.

At the end both met in hermitage. They think about society that if they will live together then what society will think. They confess their guilty. She is already married so her sister Kusum marriage with Saraswatichandra.

Thought the novel Tripathi wants to say that a man can’t live without family. If a human being wants to live the life of hermitage then he can. He shows the power of wish and will. All characters are full of hope but they are helpless. He has presented the love of family. He gives the character of Rama and Sita to Saraswatichandra and Kumud. The novel is open ended.

View on two movies: The Scarlet Letter & Hamari Adhuri Kahani

The Scarlet Letter & Hamari Adhuri Kahani

The Scarlet Letter can be interpreting in many ways. The Scarlet Letter & Hamari Adhuri  Kahani Emphasize on woman. A capacity of woman is drown in both films. Due to husband how woman has to suffer. If she live with belief like he will come then its ok according to society but still he not come for longer time then what she do? Whether she remarriage or live with belief.

Woman has to faithful to her husband. Hester and Vidya Balan want to be a faithful wife and they are really faithful first and they have a hope that their husband will come. For long time wait and many times torture by society. If their close relatives or wise person give advice that what is right and what is wrong for her then what should have to choose. Obviously she suffered a lot therefor definitely she will start thinking like wise person.

The different between Hester and Vidya Balan is that Hester gave birth to her child after affair or during her second love and Vidya Balan has already child of his husband. It’s just like Hamlet and Gertrud. Hester has scared of visible letter @ and also invisible and Vidya Balan has only invisible. Both have one symbol to survive that is child.

The use of nature is totally different. In the Scarlet letter forest is used as innocent, while in Adhuri Kahani floweriest used is a symbol of peace and love. Nature is something which provides sympathy in their life. It makes their life beautiful. If we look at the man actor then Shri Hari was Vidya’s husband and loving her but unfortunately caught by tribal people and made him terrorist even he tried a lot to come out but he fail. After such a long time he comes to home. He was totally changed. Even still him loving too much to her wife Vidya. When he know her affair then he start hatting. It is also not his fault.

In scarlet letter Chillingworth was Hester’s husband. He went away from home. What exactly happen with him is not described. When he return and comes to know about Hester’s sin and agree or supporting to authority for her punishment.

In scarlet letter Hester’s lover Dimmesdale loves too much but it is his secret love. It just likes Cupid and Philomela. Dimmesdale wants his status but during the hanging time he confesses his love. Emraan Hashmi loves too much to Vidya Balan and for the sack of that he saved Hari’s life.

The end of both movies is different. In The Scarlet Letter there is open or happy ending. Due to Hester’s sin Chillingworth suicide. They marriage and site in a cart and they are going on their journey. There is no meaning of letter “A’.

And Hamari Adhuri Kahani's end is sad. To save the life of Hari, Emraan Hashmi blast and because of him Vidya Balan is also died. That symbolizes the half story of these three characters.

Power of politics

Who has power or superiority? Majority or Minority?, Skillful or money man? If a man expert in English language (or any field) Does he clever? May it's a childish, a child speak language through imitation even he/she doesn't know the writing skill.

"Feeling of greatness"

Sometimes a fellow don't aware about their skill but a teacher, judges or his friend make sure about his skill. He gets fame in particular field and start working on that same field is he gets same fame?

In literature, Which is the best one? A scholar goes on praising any work is it best?  A writer write the fact about time, place, and action. Is it good? It will be reality for some unreal for other. The way of telling the story is the right idea to judging any work?

Who decide right or wrong / good and evil?

Those judge who never think much.

There is something in the mind of man that helps to judging the people. if a person gets fame in particular field then they start judging through that in other field.

Who has power thought or action? It seems interwoven and interdependent. Only thought or only action doesn't make any sense.  

Language

We are the student of literature but in scope and ELT class we are the learner of language.There are so many languages in the world. It is man made . Sometimes it betray us. It has such kind of power and without it a man cannot sustain in the world. If a person doesn't know the sound or verbal language then they have gesture and such expression.

For ex : Just focus on verbal sound

Teacher : What is the chemical formula of water?

  Student: H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O.

Teacher: What are you talking about?

Student: Yesterday you said it's H to O.

The language is very important in life. It help us to understand other people, but it also cheats us. If we have the language power then we can win others heart.Any language is a kind of tool or a medium through which we can express our thought, expression, idea, and emotion. Sometimes it's a kind of wooden toy through which we are playing.

Akash Vani

A story of a collegian girl, vani falls in love with Akash. They think about the marriage. She returns to home to attain the marriage of her sister. She wants to talk with her parents about their marriage but unfortunately the got a letter in which her sister has written about elopement.  This becomes a big issues for her family. Because of such reason her parents suddenly arrange her marriage. Vani believes that if she tell to her parents then they will be more depress therefore she decide to marriage with anybody decide by parents.

Finally she got arrange marriage. Ravi, her husband extremely textually harassed to her. However  she try to adjust with her husband but she cannot tolerate and twice or thrice she informed  her parents. They always gave answer as I will talk and all will be right.

Once she went to Delhi with her uncle. There she tell all things to her friends. She was happy with her friends but she did not cross the limit of wife.

She come back to maternal home with friends and same time her husband came and start rudely behave with her. Now, she cannot tolerate much and came out from room and declare that I can't live with Ravi.

She regrets as perhaps I could tell all matter to my father.

Whose life?     or       who is controlling our life?

If a daughter elope then parents think about their life that How we have loved? and always ready for her happiness and..., What she has done?

If we look at Vani's life that she wants to make happy to her parents therefore she goes against her love and what she got?

Mostly children believe that they get much love from parents. To provide any things is not love but it is a kind of their duty. Is they really get?

Parents and children always look at their strategy and both are right in their opinion but if anybody think of anybody then there is a problem of society.

Somehow we cannot live freely. We are surrender by someone whether he/she is husband/lover or parents or society...